What does it mean to be happy? It might heavily depend on the culture you come from.
"I am because we are."

A woman smiling outdoors during daytime
The meaning of the word happiness, feeling contentment or pleasure, remains the same for all. But the vessel that brings us that happiness comes in many forms and so very often is constructed by the culture/country/tribe in which we grew up.
Of course, there are many variables. But there are lots of specific cultural recipes for an overall happy life. How is it derived? What is the essential philosophy for getting there? Here are a handful of examples of how different cultures focus on achieving contentment.
UBUNTU (Africa)
The word Ubuntu, in many African languages, translates to "humanness" but it actually embodies so much more than that. Some poetically translate its concept to "I am because we are." Meaning that a sense of community and help among others is how we are able to "be." And being… is happiness.
Nelson Mandela spoke of this word eloquently. And while he explains the communal respect aspect of it, he notes, "Ubuntu does not mean that people should not address themselves. The question, therefore, is are you going to do so in order to enable the community around you to be able to improve? These are the important things in life and if one can do that, you have done something very important which will be appreciated."
- Nelson Mandela explains the concept of Ubuntu. YouTube, Sylvia Educomm
HYGGE (Denmark)
Many Danes derive happiness from the simple joys of living a cozy life. This can take shape in many ways. A sprinkling of cinnamon in your coffee while the rain hits your tin roof. Warm hand-knitted mittens put on just before a snowy sleigh ride.
From the Danish tourism site Denmark.dk, they explain "In brief, hygge is about taking time away from the daily rush to be together with people you care about - or even by yourself - to relax and enjoy life's quieter pleasures."
Interestingly, they further share that this concept has been around for centuries. "Various definitions of hygge can be traced back to the Middle Ages, where a similar Old Norse word meant 'protected from the outside world.'"
The concept of Hygge is illustrated. www.youtube.com, Flaneur Life
DIA DE LOS MUERTOS (Mexico)
Día de los Muertos, (or in English, Day of the Dead) is a two-day Mexican celebration in early November which bridges the living with their loved ones who have passed on. It is a joyous celebration, meant to bring happiness by way of remembrance.
From a site dedicated to explaining the Day of the Dead, this holiday notes the idea that "the passageway between the real world and the spirit world is open so (that) our deceased loved ones can come back to visit us. What do we do when grandpa comes back from the land of the dead? We make his favorite meal and we offer him his favorite drink. We sing, dance, and rejoice before he heads back to the underworld for another year."
An explanation of the Day of the Dead celebration. www.youtube.com, National Geographic
幸福 XING FU (China)
In Chinese, one potential translation of these two characters are - Xing: "Two hands cradling a baby over a roof" and Fu: good fortune. This idea of contentment relies heavily on family bonds and, well, luck.
From Wukongsch.com: "Together, these two characters encompass a vision of lasting security, comfort, and wellbeing. Xìng provides the circumstances and environment needed for happiness through shelter and care, while Fú confers the gifts and blessings which contribute to an enduring sense of satisfaction and meaning. This fusing of external and internal sources of profound contentment reveals a holistic view of happiness in Chinese culture spanning back thousands of years."
@mandarinwithweilaoshi What Does 幸福 (xìngfú) Really Mean? 🌟 Hey everyone! 今天我们来聊聊一个超级温暖的词——幸福 (xìngfú)!你知道这个词不仅仅是“happiness”吗?Let’s dive in! 💡 What is 幸福 (xìngfú)? 幸福 isn’t just about feeling happy for a moment. It’s a deep sense of fulfillment, harmony, and long-term well-being. Think of it as the feeling you get when everything in life feels just right—family, relationships, career, and inner peace. ✨ Cultural Nuances: In Chinese culture, 幸福 is often tied to family and relationships. A happy family (幸福的家庭) is the ultimate goal for many! It’s also about balance and harmony—like the Confucian idea of living in peace with others and nature. Unlike the Western idea of “happiness,” which can be more individualistic, 幸福 is often about collective well-being. 🎯 Examples of 幸福 in Real Life: 家庭的幸福是最重要的。 (Family happiness is the most important.) 她找到了自己的幸福。 (She found her own happiness/fulfillment.) 幸福不仅仅是金钱,而是内心的平静。 (Happiness is not just about money, but inner peace.) 💬 Let’s Chat! What does 幸福 mean to YOU? Is it family, career, or something else? Share your thoughts in the comments! 👇 #LearnChinese #学中文 #hsk4 #ChineseCulture #ChineseWords
GROSS NATIONAL HAPPINESS (Bhutan)
This "happiness philosophy" was brought forth by Bhutan's 4th King, Jigme Singye Wangchuck, and considered far more valuable than Gross National Product, which so many countries emphasize.
India Today shares "GNH represents the holistic potential of our mind and body, and its path towards a deeper peace, calmness and happiness. It also reminds us of the multiple sources of suffering and pain, such as material deprivations, breakdowns of intimate relationships, personal traumas, and of the confusion between choosing means and ends."
A Gross National Happiness explanation. www.youtube.com, Mallorcamorten




American portion sizes are colossal.
Tax shouldn't be a not-so-fun surprise at the end of your shopping trip.
A trip to the doctor shouldn't break the bank.
This totally isn't weird at all. Right?
It's a choice.
America loves extra sugar in savory foods.
Princess Odette Girl GIF by The Swan Princess
Rose GIF
sailor moon GIF
river phoenix 80s GIF 
All of this will be ours one day. Yay.
Elderly woman with white hair on phone, sharing a story about a dead person her child has never met.
Surprised elderly man in blue shirt against a yellow background.
Elderly woman in pink shirt using a smartphone on a garden swing.
TV for waking. TV for sleep.
Elderly man using a magnifying glass to read a piece of mail
Mom is totally humiliated after her kindergartner tells the teacher what she does for work
She was clearly mortified.
A mom is embarrassed by her child.
One of the great joys and stresses of parenting is that you never know what will come out of your child’s mouth. When you have young, inquisitive kids, they can say really inappropriate things to people without realizing they were being rude or possibly offensive. TikTok influencer Aurora McCausland (@auroramccausland), known for her DIY cleaning tips, recently told a funny story on the platform about how her son believes she makes a living. The problem was that she heard about it from her child's teacher.
Mom is embarrassed by her child
“The other day, I went and picked my five year old up from school and when I get to his classroom his teacher pulls me inside and says, ‘Hey, today he wanted to tell us about what Mommy does for work and said that Mommy makes videos in her bedroom but only when I'm [he’s] not at home,” McCausland recalled.
Given her body language while telling the story, McCausland was clearly mortified after hearing what her child said to his teacher. It makes it look like she may be posting videos to adult sites while her child is at school, which most people wouldn’t want their son’s teacher to know about.
The good news is that another teacher was there to clarify the young boy's comments by adding, “I think she makes TikTok videos.” The uncomfortable situation was a great invitation to chat with her son about what she does for a living. “So I have to have a conversation with my son about how he tells people what I do for work,” she finished her video.
The funny video went viral, earning over 1.7 million views on TikTok, and inspired many people to share the times when their children had funny ways of explaining their careers. The commenters were a great reminder to parents everywhere that if your child says something embarrassing, it's ok, just about everyone has been through it.
Moms share their most embarrassing moments
A lot of parents spoke up in the comments to show McCausland that she's not the only one to feel embarrassed in front of her child's teacher.
"My son told everyone that we were homeless (because we don’t own our home, we rent)," KBR wrote.
"I work in ortho.. my daughter told her teacher I steal people's knees bc she heard me talking to my husband about a knee replacement," Aingeal wrote.
"My son told a teacher we were living in our car over the summer. Camping. We went camping," Kera wrote.
"In kinder, my son thought Red Bull was alcohol and told his teacher I liked to have beer on the way to school," Ashley wrote.
My niece told her teacher her mom and dad work at the wh*re house. They work at the courthouse," Ellis wrote.
"My husband works as a table games dealer at a casino. Kindergartener, 'Daddy's a Dealer!' We now start every school year clearly stating he works at the casino," CMAC
"My son said we lived in a crack house…There’s a tiny chip in the wall from the doorknob," KNWerner wrote.
"My dad is a hospice chaplain and officiates a lot of funerals. My son and nephew were asked by their preschool teacher if their papa was retired or had a job. They told her his job was to kill people," Tiffyd wrote.
"My son said "my dad left me and I'm all alone" to a random person at the zoo. My husband was just at work," Shelby.
"I am now in my 70s. In my gradeschool, during the McCarthy era, I told my teacher my dad was a communist. He was an economist," Crackerbelly wrote.
"In Kindergarten, my daughter told her teacher that mommy drinks and drives all the time. Coffee. From Starbucks," Jessica wrote.
"Well I once told my kindergarden teacher a man climbs over our fence to visit my mom when her husband is not home... It was a handy man who came to fix gates when they were stuck," Annie wrote.
Ultimately, McCausland’s story is a fun reminder of how children see things through their own unique lens and, with total innocence, can say some of the funniest things. It’s also a great warning to parents everywhere: if you aren’t clear with your kids about what you do for a living, you may be setting yourself up for a very embarrassing misunderstanding. So, even if you think they know what you do ask them as see what they say, you could save yourself from a lot of embarrassment.
This article originally appeared last year and has been updated.