Believe it or not, a monster just arrived in these woods.
If there is a creepy, abandoned cabin behind those trees, so help me... Image from Owen Lloyd/Wikimedia Commons.
<p>Don't believe me? </p><p><strong>Just listen to what the animals in the monster's forest are saying:</strong></p><h2>This is a raccoon. She heard the monster.</h2><p>There used to be wolves and bears here, but they left when humans showed up. She remembers what those big predators sounded like, though, and she'd recognize big-predator-noises anywhere. </p><p>Sure, she hasn't seen the monster yet, but she's <em>pretty sure </em>it's around somewhere. <strong>E</strong><strong>ver since the scary noises returned to the forest, she's been way too scared to go down and fish for crabs in the river. </strong></p><p><img type="lazy-image" data-runner-src="https://assets.rebelmouse.io/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpbWFnZSI6Imh0dHBzOi8vYXNzZXRzLnJibC5tcy8xOTUxMjI0MC9vcmlnaW4uanBnIiwiZXhwaXJlc19hdCI6MTYyODczNzg3Nn0.nbgcGRQi7_KpBmVQZdjAU_nP85fu0ECJsC4Iwm25mWc/img.jpg?width=980" id="bcb34" class="rm-shortcode" data-rm-shortcode-id="e369c239ffb5ff5a6779213dbfd83451" data-rm-shortcode-name="rebelmouse-image"><br></p><p class="image-caption">Image from <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Raccoon_female.jpg" target="_blank">D. Gordon E. Robertson/Wikimedia Commons.</a></p><h2>This is a crab. He heard the monster too.</h2><p>He thinks it sounds scary, but if having the monster around means the raccoons are all too scared to eat him and his friends, that's OK with him!<br></p><p><img type="lazy-image" data-runner-src="https://assets.rebelmouse.io/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpbWFnZSI6Imh0dHBzOi8vYXNzZXRzLnJibC5tcy8xOTUxMjI0MS9vcmlnaW4uanBnIiwiZXhwaXJlc19hdCI6MTYyMDM2NDg1OX0.HPQHox1IVSdkn6HMj6ObWqtyY4ukuBEfGsYrUBrBmxA/img.jpg?width=980" id="c26f1" class="rm-shortcode" data-rm-shortcode-id="b7386b097985f71efe6d5e29d722f892" data-rm-shortcode-name="rebelmouse-image"></p><p class="image-caption">Image from <a class="hoverZoomLink" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/conifer/9599694216" target="_blank">coniferconifer/Flickr</a>.</p><p>Without the raccoons around, there are more crabs than ever. It's like a giant crab-party. All the snails they can eat. Even so, the crab knows the monster must be <em>really</em> terrible to frighten away the raccoons...</p><h2>This is a snail. She's not scared of the monster, but she knows it's there.</h2><p>After all, she's way too small for it to eat. She's definitely not happy that the monster scared away the raccoons though, because without them around to eat the crabs, the crabs are eating all of her friends. :(</p><p><img type="lazy-image" data-runner-src="https://assets.rebelmouse.io/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpbWFnZSI6Imh0dHBzOi8vYXNzZXRzLnJibC5tcy8xOTUxMjI0Mi9vcmlnaW4uanBnIiwiZXhwaXJlc19hdCI6MTYwNTQzMzU0N30.HxAVYM6V2DBaatD1znOPaLBDO3e9QjrL0HVJP_a_o1E/img.jpg?width=980" id="1cea9" class="rm-shortcode" data-rm-shortcode-id="d83f380276c6c2bd7b30a4de813d3b94" data-rm-shortcode-name="rebelmouse-image"></p><p class="image-caption">Image from <span class="mw-mmv-author"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freshwater_snail#/media/File:Bithynia_tentaculata.jpg" target="_blank">Michal Maňas/Wikimedia Commons.</a></span></p><h2>But wait — do you hear that?! Is it the monster??? </h2><p><img type="lazy-image" data-runner-src="https://assets.rebelmouse.io/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpbWFnZSI6Imh0dHBzOi8vYXNzZXRzLnJibC5tcy8xOTUxMjI0My9vcmlnaW4uZ2lmIiwiZXhwaXJlc19hdCI6MTYwNTY5OTcwNX0.OuPU0osHJinxF719dU67PjcA3n4l90Ln32kf90uaLos/img.gif?width=980" id="bc467" class="rm-shortcode" data-rm-shortcode-id="f1bb00158e58aa15333242aba6018142" data-rm-shortcode-name="rebelmouse-image"></p><p class="image-caption">GIF from "The Grey."</p><p>It's coming!</p><p>IT'S COMING!</p><p>OH MY GOODNESS! IT'S HERE!</p><h2> IT'S THE MONST—</h2><p><img type="lazy-image" data-runner-src="https://assets.rebelmouse.io/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpbWFnZSI6Imh0dHBzOi8vYXNzZXRzLnJibC5tcy8xOTUxMjI0NC9vcmlnaW4uanBnIiwiZXhwaXJlc19hdCI6MTY0NTYzMjU1NX0.CyaShsKSbRktFzs1BA-TiLtAsL8Ssri2w51Jetk5VBA/img.jpg?width=980" id="0ee2c" class="rm-shortcode" data-rm-shortcode-id="9b61d65efdec73ffc06293baba2755a9" data-rm-shortcode-name="rebelmouse-image"></p><p class="image-caption">"I'M A MONSTER!!" Image from <a class="hoverZoomLink" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/zombie/8359930/" target="_blank">Richard King/Flickr</a>.</p><p>—wait, what? OK, OK, I'll level with you. There wasn't really a monster. </p><p> I know, I'm sorry. It'll all be made clear soon. And yes, that's a loudspeaker. </p><h2>This roller coaster of emotion was a dramatic re-enactment of a science experiment recently conducted in British Columbia.</h2><p><strong>The point of the <a href="http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2016/160223/ncomms10698/abs/ncomms10698.html" target="_blank">study</a> was to show how predators like dogs, wolves, or bears can affect the behavior of animals in a given ecosystem.</strong></p><p><img type="lazy-image" data-runner-src="https://assets.rebelmouse.io/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpbWFnZSI6Imh0dHBzOi8vYXNzZXRzLnJibC5tcy8xOTUxMjI0NS9vcmlnaW4uanBnIiwiZXhwaXJlc19hdCI6MTYwMzE4NDk2NH0.u784GM7OJiEqcNygpM6EatHA1YWVVpwc9n34AUSx9aQ/img.jpg?width=980" id="7dc2d" class="rm-shortcode" data-rm-shortcode-id="eea098d516dae3646c537bfd5ace2115" data-rm-shortcode-name="rebelmouse-image"></p><p class="image-caption">A black bear, aka a predator species. Image from <a href="https://pixabay.com/en/black-bear-woods-wild-wildlife-1170229/" target="_blank">skeeze/Pixabay</a>.</p><h2>To see how local animals reacted to the threat of a predator — even one they couldn't see — scientists put a speaker playing predator noises in the forest.</h2><p>The study found that <strong>raccoons</strong>, for example, reacted to the perceived threat by being less inclined to go down to the river to catch crabs. This meant that the <strong>crab</strong> populations in the river increased. This was, in turn, bad news for the <strong>snails</strong>, which crabs like to eat.</p><p> The simple act of introducing the threat of a new species into an ecosystem caused a cascade of changes. <strong>In fact, that's what it's called:</strong><strong> a trophic cascade.</strong> <span></span></p><p>And removing a species can change things just as much. As wolves disappeared, white-tailed deer have been eating their way through American forests, changing which plants live and which plants get <a href="http://www.na.fs.fed.us/fhp/special_interests/white_tailed_deer.pdf" target="_blank">gobbled into oblivion</a>.</p><p><img type="lazy-image" data-runner-src="https://assets.rebelmouse.io/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpbWFnZSI6Imh0dHBzOi8vYXNzZXRzLnJibC5tcy8xOTUxMjI0Ni9vcmlnaW4uanBnIiwiZXhwaXJlc19hdCI6MTYyMjYwMTY1Mn0.RiiO1EZadfqHL_FYBKM_VC1v-3N2NgdwUoBmQcfMaKw/img.jpg?width=980" id="6c3f8" class="rm-shortcode" data-rm-shortcode-id="131d7243c8b6c491ad7ffd712d55a468" data-rm-shortcode-name="rebelmouse-image"></p><p class="image-caption">A walking destroyer of worlds — if you happen to be a shrub. Image from <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:White-tailed_deer_at_Marymoor_Park.jpg" target="_blank">Dcoetzee/Wikimedia Commons</a>.</p><h2>This is why predators and prey are such an important part of an ecosystem — you need both to keep things in harmony. </h2><p><img type="lazy-image" data-runner-src="https://assets.rebelmouse.io/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJpbWFnZSI6Imh0dHBzOi8vYXNzZXRzLnJibC5tcy8xOTUxMjI0Ny9vcmlnaW4uanBnIiwiZXhwaXJlc19hdCI6MTYxNjkzNzk0N30.yIQIA2d1PvZW9vcCKT8hfVk-GtITJ9aYWM7whz1JmHI/img.jpg?width=980" id="43a6b" class="rm-shortcode" data-rm-shortcode-id="f0f2113b96161db7e2bc0c03e3b8b630" data-rm-shortcode-name="rebelmouse-image"></p><p class="image-caption">I am Wolf, Protector of Shrubs. Image from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolf_Chess#/media/File:Grey_wolf_P1130270.jpg" target="_blank">Amphibol/Wikimedia Commons</a>.<strong></strong></p><p>Forests and other ecosystems are always part of a giant, highly connected balancing act. Adding or removing players can affect not just that animal or plant's immediate neighbors, but it can ripple out to everyone that lives there. </p><p>That's why it was worth tricking a few hapless raccoons.</p><h2>So the next time someone talks about wolf populations, remind them to think of the snails too.</h2>
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