Caroline Wazer

  • One simple question to the hospital’s billing department saved a patient $482
    A man talks on the phone while reviewing a document. Photo credit: Canva

    Many Americans know the anxiety that comes with receiving a medical bill in the mail. According to a 2024 study, nearly 36% of households in the United States have medical debt.

    The same study found that 21% of American households had a past-due medical bill, and 23% reported paying off a medical bill over time. But saving money on medical bills is possible.

    On Reddit, a patient shared how they saved $482 on a medical bill by asking a simple question to their hospital’s billing department after receiving a large bill.

    A real-life story about saving on medical bills

    The patient began by sharing some health background, explaining that in January 2026 they had an outpatient procedure at a regional hospital and “got a bill for like $1,100 after insurance.”

    Like most Americans, they planned to “set up a payment plan and deal with it.”

    But before they did, a conversation with a coworker stopped them in their tracks—and ultimately led to massive savings on the hospital bill.

    The one question to ask to save on medical bills

    They went on to explain that “someone at work told me to always request an itemized bill first, so I did.” The patient called the hospital’s billing department and asked for an itemized bill to review each charge.

    “Got a 6-page document with like 40 line items on it. spent an evening going through it,” they explained. That’s when it hit them: There were multiple errors.

    “Found a charge for anesthesia consultation ($340), which I never had; the procedure was local numbing only,” they wrote. “Also found a duplicate charge for a supply kit listed twice.”

    After calling the billing department to dispute the charges, they said they “expected a fight,” but were told it would be reviewed.

    “Took about 2 weeks and they removed both charges, bill went from $1,100 to $618,” they shared. “Apparently billing errors are insanely common and hospitals count on people just not looking. Call and ask for an itemized bill, not just the summary, the full itemized one. Takes 5 minutes and you might find something.”

    People share their hospital bill disputes

    According to a 2024 study, 1 in 5 Americans reported receiving a medical bill they disagreed with or couldn’t afford, and 61% said they contacted their provider to address their concerns.

    Fellow Redditors also shared stories of how they caught medical bill errors.

    “My daughter was seen in the ER last month and we found a charge for $1235.00 on the itemized bill for ibuprofen. They gave her 2 tablets. The charge should have been $12.35, which is still ridiculous for 2 pills, but I’ll take it.”

    “I had an ear canal infection and went to urgent care. Pretty simple, just needed antibiotics. But then the bill came back as $800 for a Level 3 office visit with moderate medical decision-making. A doctor does not exercise moderate decision making when prescribing the standard antibiotic ear drop. I sent in an appeal and a month later they adjusted it down by $250 to a Level 2 office visit with low medical decision making. The lesson is that whenever you see a code that talks about a level or a difficulty or a complication above the most basic level of care, look into if your care actually justified that upcode.”

    “I always ask for itemized bills. I had shoulder surgery and got SO MANY different bills. One bill just said ‘Hospital Visit’ with no other information and was well over 1000 bucks. I asked for an itemized bill, they never sent it but would call back asking when I was paying the bill. I told them not without an itemized bill. Eventually I got a bill for like 12 dollars. WILD what goes on in the medical billing world.”

    “I had a severe skin reaction. Went to a dermatologist. $400 bill after he literally told me he couldn’t help me. I became allergic to my laundry soap??. Called and complained. Bill canceled. Healthcare in the USA is a joke.”

  • Harvard linguist shares the etymology of the word ‘girl’ and how it evolved into a gendered term
    A group of girls laugh together at school.Photo credit: Canva

    The word “girl” evokes the thought of a female child, while “boy” conjures the thought of a male child. This is true for most people, regardless of their country of origin. But according to Harvard University linguist Sunn m’Cheaux, the word “girl” was originally considered gender-neutral.

    What sparked the revelation was a video showing a woman calling her male friend “girl” during a conversation. The short, seemingly amusing clip sparked a firestorm of comments from men who found the unintentional gaffe insulting. Some men viewed the term as emasculating, while women claimed it was gender-neutral.

    girl, girl etymology, gender neutral, boy, linguist
    Children sitting with their teacher. Photo credit: Canva

    Sunn m’Cheaux originally added his voice by pointing out that when women use the term with men, it reflects a closeness in the friendship.

    “Quick FYI: If you’re in a conversation with a Black woman who inadvertently calls you ‘girl,’ do not get offended. She is not ‘emasculating you’—she’s comfortable with you,” the language expert says in a TikTok video, as women in the comments agree.

    After seeing comments saying that women simply didn’t know the etymology of the word, m’Cheaux jumped back in to break things down. The confusion, he explains, is that the once gender-neutral term became gendered, losing its original meaning. In a follow-up video posted to his social media pages, he explains the etymology of “girl” for naysayers.

    @sunnmcheaux

    Replying to @scope3944 IF YOUR BLACK HG SLIPS & CALLS YOU “GURL!” #education #linguistics #sociolinguistics #aave #weoutchea

    ♬ original sound – Sunn m’Cheaux 🦔

    “The good news is, if you think that most of the women and girls who inadvertently call y’all ‘girl’ don’t actually know the etymology of the word ‘girl,’ you’re probably right,” the linguist says. “Most English speakers don’t know the etymology of the word ‘girl.’ But see, that’s where the bad news comes in for you. You see, the word ‘girl’ was originally gender-neutral. That’s right. For centuries, the word ‘girl’ simply meant a child of either sex.”

    girl, girl etymology, gender neutral, boy, linguist
    A mom plays with her baby. Photo credit: Canva

    He further explains that male children were called “knave girls,” distinguishing them from female children. The word “boy,” on the other hand, originally meant servant. This gender-neutral usage didn’t stop with “girl”—he adds that “man” was also used for both sexes.

    “To distinguish a human female from a human male, that would be a ‘wifman’ for a female,” m’Cheaux explains. “Later, the term ‘wife’ would mean the companion of a man, but you actually didn’t originally have to be the companion of a man to be a ‘wife.’”

    In the video, he also addresses the terms “midwife” and “gossip,” explaining how they became associated with women. He impressed viewers with the impromptu etymology lesson.

    One person writes, “I feel like I just attended a really great lecture and I should probably rewatch and take notes! So much info!”

    Another says, “Oh, how I love these etymology breakdowns!!! So much fun learning how words/language evolve! But I’ont think anybody does this as well as you do.”

    girl, girl etymology, gender neutral, boy, linguist
    Women laughing together. Photo credit: Canva

    “You’ll have to start charging for these seminars. That was at least one credit’s worth of knowledge!” Someone else chimes in.

    “I love this! May I use this in my class when we talk of pronouns and how they have evolved?” an eager professor shares. “Some of my future journalists are battling they/them conundrums outside our Emerson bubble. I’d love to add this to the conversation.”

    “Sir, you make my brain hurt in the best possible way. Appreciate you,” another person notes.

  • Educational space-themed pajamas have 5 glaring flaws any 6-year-old could spot
    Solar system PJs have some questionable science.Photo credit: Impressive_Stress808/Reddit

    Children are all naturally born scientists, with an incredible curiosity about the world around them. As adults, our job is to foster that spark so they can carry it throughout their lives.

    “Kids are sources of chaos and disorder. Get over that fact,” science communicator Neil deGrasse Tyson said on the Impact Theory podcast. “Where does the disorder come from? It’s because they are experimenting with their environment. Everything is new to them, everything. Your job is less to instill curiosity than to make sure you don’t squash what is already there.”

    Another job we have as adults is to make sure children are learning science correctly, which is why a toddler’s pajama shirt featuring the solar system is going viral on Reddit. It seems nobody at the clothing manufacturer took the time to review the science behind the graphic. In fact, it’s safe to say most kids as young as six could easily spot the flaws in the PJs.

    5 mistakes on the shirt that are easy to spot

    1. Jupiter appears on the shirt as spotted, rather than striped as it does through a telescope. Although it’s known for its Great Red Spot, here it looks more like a strawberry.
    2. Saturn appears spotted, like a chocolate chip cookie, rather than banded as it does in real life.
    3. Neptune, a giant ice planet, is shown as cratered, like Mercury.
    4. Mercury, conversely, is shown as a black-and-blue striped planet, more like Neptune.
    5. Uranus is shown as the largest planet in the graphic, but in reality, it is about the same size as Neptune.

    This is total conjecture, but it seems the graphic designer may have mislabeled Mercury as Neptune and Neptune as Mercury.

    The actual solar system

    solar system, planets, sun, earth, science
    The solar system. Photo credit: Canva

    Reddit commenters also pointed out the questionable font, noting that the “o,” with its cursive-style tail, makes the word “moon” look like “Meeh.” And, to get super nitpicky, if this is meant to be an unbiased look at the solar system, why is there only one moon on the shirt when there are hundreds in our solar system, depending on how they’re defined?

    solar system, school project, solar system mode, planets, sun
    A boy making a model of the solar system. Photo credit: Canva

    The PJs’ astronomically incorrect design even bothered those in the scientific community.

    “As a professional science communicator who works a lot with space at this age group, I am disappointed to see an adult get something wrong that any 6-year-old in the U.K. would correct,” Dr. Mark Gallaway told Newsweek.

    Although the shirt may be wrong in many ways, it could be a blessing in disguise. The parent who purchased these PJs now has an opportunity for a teachable moment. They can take the pajamas and compare them to the actual solar system to see where the designer got things right or wrong. It’s also a chance to bring up one of the sad truths about the universe: Pluto isn’t among the PJ planets, because it was demoted. Thanks, Neil deGrasse Tyson.

  • From the Sequoias to ‘huge’ hardware stores, here are 14 U.S. places foreigners dream of visiting
    A forest (left) and a man in a hardware store (right).Photo credit: Canva
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    From the Sequoias to ‘huge’ hardware stores, here are 14 U.S. places foreigners dream of visiting

    “I’d love to go to a Renaissance fair or at least a Medieval Times dinner show.”

    You probably couldn’t pay a Parisian enough money to visit the Eiffel Tower, or an Italian to swing by the Vatican, even though both landmarks are objectively extraordinary. It’s a fact of life that people take for granted what they see every day, no matter how naturally splendid or meticulously crafted it may be. But sometimes an outsider’s appreciation can help you marvel once again at the wonderful things in your own backyard. 

    Recently, non-Americans on Reddit offered this gift by sharing some quintessentially American things they’d like to witness or experience for themselves. At a time when political division is making many Americans feel disillusioned, the conversation offers some timely comfort—and maybe even a renewed sense of hope for the good things the country still has to offer.

    It’s also interesting to see how much American pop culture shapes what visitors find intriguing. Many people suggested fairly mundane things simply because they’ve seen them again and again in American movies and TV shows. For instance, one person mentioned the allure of Chinese takeout because of the iconic white cartons that appear a bajillion American films and television shows.

    Keep scrolling for American things people from outside the country are eager to experience, or grateful to have experienced in their lifetime.

    1. Sequoia National Park and the Grand Canyon 

    America, reddit, culture, travel
    The Grand Canyon at dusk. Photo credit: Canva

    Even Americans agree that these two spots are must-sees.

    “I promise, standing at the base of a giant tree is an experience that cannot be replicated…If you have a chance, learn about the ecology and also about fire history.”

    “As I’m American I always brushed off the Grand Canyon and never planned to see it. I got a random chance on a return trip from Vegas. Do it. See it. I’ve traveled a fair bit around the US and Europe and it remains the most amazing, breathtaking thing I’ve ever seen or experienced.”

    “I’m also an American, and pretty well traveled. The Grand Canyon brought me to tears. It’s one of only two placed I’ve ever gone to twice in the same year because it’s just THAT good. (The second was the Cliffs of Moher in Ireland.)”

    2. The rainforests of the Pacific Northwest

    “I bet they smell AMAZING!!”

    3. The French Quarter in New Orleans

    “Nothing else like it. And you cannot get bad food there unless you just want to eat at McDonalds………”

    4. Savannah, Georgia

    “Savannah is great!! I stayed a couple nights there and always wanted to go back. Do a ghost tour! And a horse carriage tour!”

    5. New England

    America, reddit, culture, travel
    New England trees in autumn. Photo credit: Canva

    “I reallllyyy wanted to go to New England for the longest time lol. Such pretty leaves.”

    6. Sedona, Arizona 

    “A friend said it was stunning but disconcerting because at times she felt things were off kilter. I like weird places and the geographic nature appeals, all those red rocks!!”

    7. San Francisco

    “I’m 30, an American and just landed in San Francisco this morning. It’s my first time here and I’m in love. Such a cool place. I’m actually moving here soon. Doesn’t feel real at all!”

    8. Tornado areas

    america, reddit, culture, travel
    A tornado in an open field. Photo credit: Canva

    “I lived in Mexico and Central America for many years, and one thing people kept asking me about was tornadoes…They thought it was an American thing, and a very common occurrence. Maybe because of Wizard or Oz. I had to sadly tell them I’ve never seen a tornado in my life. I’m from the west coast. They were definitely very disappointed. I also realized they don’t understand how dangerous they are. They thought it was more like lightning. Just happening in the background while people got on with their day.”

    9. Gigantic stores

    “Honestly just want to hit up some of those huge pc hardware stores…we don’t have anything like that scale here.”

    “I wanna visit a Walmart. The closest thing to a giant store like that are some larger supermarket chains in Germany … In the Netherlands we don’t really have large stores where you can find EVERYTHING you wish for.”

    10. Chinese takeout

    “I have a good friend from Switzerland and the first thing she wanted to experience was getting to-go Chinese food and eating it out of those white cartons with chopsticks…I guess the whole Chinese food take-out in those particular cartons is pretty American, kinda like fortune cookies.”

    11. Fast food restaurants

    “I’m American, but my Irish colleague was so excited to try a Baconator from Wendy’s when he visited.”

    “When my German friend visited she begged to visit In-N-Out because it looked ‘so fancy.’ She loved it. I surprised her by buying her a tshirt from there too.”

    12. Items/places made famous by movies and TV

    “Australian here, and I’ve always wanted to see a big yellow school bus, after being terrified of them in the opening scene of A Nightmare on Elm Street 2”

    “I just wanna walk into a 24/7 diner at 3am and get a giant milkshake. No reason, just movie vibes.”

    “My friend from England visited New York for business and thought it was wild that to-go coffee was served in the same blue and white cups she had seen on Law & Order.”

    13. Halloween festivities

    “I absolutely love American culture for Halloween, all those decorations, costumes and just the whole vibe about this holiday is something I would like to experience.”

    “One thing that I really love about American culture is Halloween haunted houses. There’s haunted houses…There’s haunted hayrides, some where zombies attack you, and you have to try to get them with paintball guns.There’s haunted 5k runs, kids haunted houses (Not scary, just silly), even haunted car washes.”

    14. Events that celebrate olden times

    “I’d love to go to a Renaissance fair or at least a Medieval Times dinner show.”

    Finally, people seem really eager to try rhubarb pie. Honestly, who can blame them?

  • ‘Cat’s Cradle’ video has people pondering how trends went viral before the Internet
    Cat's Cradle has been played for generations all over the world.Photo credit: Canva
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    ‘Cat’s Cradle’ video has people pondering how trends went viral before the Internet

    Without social media, how were kids in Norway, Brazil, South Korea, and the U.S. all doing the same things?

    The word “trending” may have gained a whole new meaning in the Internet age, but trends have always existed as a social phenomenon. A video of teens in the ’90s doing “Cat’s Cradle” has people pondering how trends spread, sometimes worldwide, without social media.

    For those who are unfamiliar, Cat’s Cradle is a game of sorts involving a long loop of string wrapped around your hands and fingers in a specific pattern. The game involves transferring the string from one person to another without getting it tangled. Here’s what it looks like:

    The video on X triggered a ton of nostalgia in those who remember playing Cat’s Cradle. But the most remarkable thing is that people from all over the world say they played it around the same time:

    “HOW is this a universal thing. We did this exact thing, exact same moves, in Norway in the early 90s. Pre internet.”

    “That’s a great question. I used to play that game back in the ’90s, too, and I’m from Brazil.”

    “Same in Italy.”

    “What? This is a global thing, greetings from Chile.”

    “This is a game we used to play in Korea. Seeing it for the first time in a long while makes me miss my childhood memories.”

    “We did this in Romania too.”

    To be fair, Cat’s Cradle has been around for a long time. No one appears to know its exact origin. But a specific reference to the game appears in the 1768 novel The Light of Nature Pursued by Abraham Tucker:

    “An ingenious play they call cat’s cradle; one ties the two ends of a packthread together, and then winds it about his fingers, another with both hands takes it off perhaps in the shape of a gridiron, the first takes it from him again in another form, and so on alternately changing the packthread into a multitude of figures whose names I forget, it being so many years since I played at it myself.”

    A girl plays Cat's Cradle with a red string
    Cat’s Cradle has gone through waves of popularity. Photo credit: Canva

    It appears the game has seen surges in popularity at various times—but how? Why did it specifically trend in the ’90s? How did games, fashion, music, dance styles, and more become popular across the country or even the world before the Internet?

    Those who remember life before social media have shared recollections of how trends spread on forums like Reddit and MetaFilter. It’s a fascinating glimpse into a nearly forgotten past:

    “Everyone at a school would do it. Then, one group of people from this school would go to a youth group, and meet a group of people from a different school. It would become common throughout the youth group.

    People from the youth group would go to their own respective schools, and it would spread around the rest of their school mates who don’t go to that youth group – but perhaps go to a different youth group.

    Once something got popular enough, it might feature in magazines or even on TV.” – LondonPilot

    “Cultural transmission was a lot slower previously. In the 60s it was said New Zealand was five years behind England, later it was three years.

    Broadcast radio and later TV sped up cultural transmission immensely. TV shows were transported on film and played on telecine machines at the studios, up to six years behind the original release.

    Magazines were a bigger thing than now. International magazine subscriptions by airmail were extremely expensive so surface mail added up to two months to delivery. Many people read magazines via public libraries.

    Note none of the above are interactive, and only magazines allowed niche interests. Broadcast media had very few channels (until the US got cable TV) e.g. in NZ in the 70s a in a big city there might be six radio stations and one TV station. Later there were four major TV stations.

    There was much less diversity. Record shops had knowledgeable staff who could make recommendations. These were important as an album was a significant investment.

    People travelled and brought back new ideas. (In those days, Western countries were different to each other 😉

    Schoolkids spread jokes and games – one person could infect a whole school with a good game.” – cyathea

    “I think in the pre-internet days some trends and fashions were spread broadly via mass media, but many were regional and local. My wife grew up in small town Midwest and I grew up in the Boston area, both in the 70s to 80s. There were music, fashion and other cultural trends that were part of everyday life for me in the early- to mid-80s that were entirely unknown to her at that time.” –slkinsey

    “I think the big thing was that trends moved more slowly. So you’d have a thing that happened on TV and your weekly magazine (Time, Newsweek) would talk about it. Or your monthly humor magazine (Mad, Cracked). A lot more people watched the same channels, so you’d see people dressed on shows and dressed in commercials… I lived in a rural area, and when I’d visit friends in the big city I’d get ideas and some of those would filter down. I assume it was like this for other people, getting ideas from people more cosmopolitan and then the trickle down. Same with radio, there were only so many stations and there would be a culture that built up around each one which might include shows they promoted (you’d go, you’d see other people) and maybe local events or stuff around them.” –jessamyn 

    “I think social media is more about an acceleration in the spread of trends, as well as an increase in the scope of their spread, than the absence of trend-spreading before. Prior to Facebook/etc, people talked to one another, in person…

    Media wasn’t ‘social’ as we mean it today, but it was still… media. That, and people did what people do – watched the ‘in’ person or people among them and often copied/followed along. Based on my memories of summer camp, trends spread there practically in minutes, sans phones or the internet. Some of this had to do with most of the campers originating in the same hometown. They all just… knew… what was “in” (based on all knowing each other, they decided what that was, in turn based on movies, TV shows, etc) and good luck if you weren’t from their town. People set trends, and others follow, or try to follow – whether through gossip and magazines and MTV, or through social media. All that’s changed is the speed in which trends get set, and the size of the area that they reach.” – Armed Only With Hubris 

    “- Cool kids moving from other parts of the country to my rapidly-growing Minneapolis suburb were a vector for fashion trends in particular.

    – Older siblings would see shows at local venues, interact with others in the audience as well as the bands themselves and people traveling with them, and then bring those influences back to their friends and younger siblings.

    A person pulls a record out of a collection at a music shop
    Record shops played a big role in music trends before the Internet. Photo credit: Canva

    – A handful of shops played important roles spreading culture. Music stores were hangout spots where music was discovered and ideas mixed.

    – Alternative radio stations and college radio had a big reach even out into the small towns and countryside.” – theory 

    It’s wild to see these explanations and realize how much the Internet has changed things. Newspapers, magazines, radio stations, and record shops have struggled just to survive in the digital age. Rarely do they serve as influential forces in what’s popular.

    The people we used to think of as trendsetters are now “influencers.” Real-life social connections have morphed into social media connections that spread trends in the blink of an eye. It’s hard to remember a time when trends spread slowly, either in person or through influences we all shared. But it sure is fun to remember a time when a simple string game could keep us occupied for hours.

  • Psychologist uncovers the unexpected reason we procrastinate and the trick to stopping it
    A woman sits at her desk, looking overwhelmed.Photo credit: Canva
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    Psychologist uncovers the unexpected reason we procrastinate and the trick to stopping it

    “Procrastination is rarely about laziness or poor time management.”

    Procrastination is more common than some might think. In fact, according to an article by Forbes senior contributor Bryan Robinson, more than 78 percent of working people procrastinate even though “it makes them anxious.” Some think it’s due to laziness, while others believe the anxiety itself creates a loop: they’re too anxious to get a task done, but not getting it done makes them even more anxious.

    However, one theory behind why people procrastinate turns the whole “laziness” argument on its head.

    Dr. Rick Hanson, a psychologist, shares a fascinating idea. In a comment attached to a clip posted on Instagram, he offers an entirely different view: “Procrastination is rarely about laziness or poor time management. It is more often something much more subtle. If I finish this, then what? If the pile disappears, who am I without it?”

    He explains how having something that still needs to be tackled can feel like “proof” that we matter.

    “Unfinished tasks can start to feel like proof that we’re busy, needed, in motion. They create a kind of background hum of identity. As long as something is pending, we’re still becoming. Still almost there.”

    The fear of not existing

    In the video, Hanson says people procrastinate “even when there are no obstructions to completing something, because sometimes they’re kind of afraid, almost at a deep level, that if they complete things, they’ll disappear. There will be almost no more basis for being. It’s the incomplete cycles in their life—the unfinished tasks, the various piles here or there—that almost give them a sense of psychological substance and existence.”

    Hanson has ways to address this, and the first is to truly examine your motivations (or seemingly lack thereof).

    “Look closely and ask yourself, ‘Is this really true? Do I go on existing because I have a number of undone tasks that I’m going to get to tomorrow or eventually? Is that why I keep on existing?’ Well, no. And notice the ways you can go on being. Or you have others you know who complete a lot of things, and they continue to exist just fine and really, quite happily.”

    He says we must rewrite our inner monologue.

    “Gradually realize for yourself, ‘Oh, I can complete these various tasks. And they then disappear from my life, understandably. I took care of it. And I’m still here, having a good time. And getting ready to accomplish the next important thing.’”

    The need to be busy

    Upworthy spoke with Cort M. Dorn-Medeiros, a professional counselor and addiction specialist, who first noted that there are many real reasons people might procrastinate.

    “Fear of failure, doubts about self-worth, perfectionist tendencies, emotional avoidance, and potential diagnoses such as attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).”

    That said, he does give credence to Hanson’s idea as well.

    “We have strong cultural messaging that if we are not doing something, if we are not being productive, then we are not useful. All of our human value lies in the ‘doing’ rather than the ‘being.’ A lot of this is derived from Internet-based hustle culture, where speed is prioritized above all else. Do more, make more money, and do it faster and faster.

    If we are left with nothing to do, then we are left sitting with our own thoughts and feelings. Procrastination is a good way to unconsciously avoid sitting with our feelings. If we are constantly focused on our to-do list and maintain it in a way that prevents progress by crossing things off, we manage our anxiety about ‘being’ rather than ‘doing.’”

    Matthew Baker, LCSW, tells Upworthy it’s all about avoidance.

    “Procrastination is almost always about avoiding something uncomfortable. For some people, finishing a project is what becomes the problem, not starting it. This is often because the brain gets rewarded from simply planning and organizing, even without actually doing anything. So some people avoid completing tasks because they’re already getting a sense of satisfaction from planning, and finishing means that this dopamine stream just…stops.”

  • Therapist explains surprisingly scientific reason we never stop loving the songs from our youth
    There's a scientific reason you can't stop listening to the songs you loved as a teen.Photo credit: Canva

    If you never seem to get tired of blasting the same handful of early 2000s songs—maybe the emo tones of My Chemical Romance or something a little more upbeat and ’90s like *NSYNC—it’s not just you.

    It’s no longer a mystery why so many of us seem to be “stuck” on the music we listened to as teens. Our musical tastes may evolve over time, and we always have room for new favorites (and a seemingly endless capacity in our brains for catchy lyrics), but there’s something about the songs of our youth that just hits different.

    What’s behind the phenomenon

    A therapist is going viral for explaining this phenomenon perfectly. It’s not just nostalgia, she says. It’s neuroscience.

    music, nostalgia, youth, culture, science, brain science, human behavior, neuroscience, psychology, throwback, millennials, 2000s
    Singing along to your teenage throwback songs is good for your brain. Photo credit: Vitaly Gariev on Unsplash

    Nikki Roy is a therapist from Canada who specializes in helping her clients with “self esteem, confidence, identity, emotion work (lots of anger), living authentically, creating a life of alignment, and breaking free from the oppressive systems the world operates on,” according to an interview with CanvasRebel.

    She uses her vast social media following to break down big, complex topics in bite-sized ways that can reach and help a lot of people.

    Recently, she tackled a concept she calls “neural nostalgia.”

    “This is actually really well-researched,” she says in a recent Instagram Reel. “The research found that the music you listen to as an adolescent or teenager actually imprinted on your brain and nervous system differently than music you’ll ever listen to at any other time in your life.”

    She goes on to explain that when you’re a teenager, the pathways in your brain are still being built. The blueprint is still being developed, and it can be influenced by the music you listen to regularly. When you’re an adult and hear the music that, quite literally, “built you,” a lot of things come rushing to the surface.

    “Dopamine, seratonin, all those things start rushing back,” Roy says. “You literally feel it in your gut. That specific music does something to you.”

    According to Marble Wellness, “When we listen to music from our youth, several brain regions become active.” These include:

    • The hippocampus, where memories are formed and retrieved
    • The amygdala, which regulates emotions
    • The prefrontal cortex, which manages complex cognitive behaviors
    • Reward centers

    It’s no wonder that our entire brain and mood can light up just a few notes into one of our favorite throwback songs.

    “Music is my safe space”

    Roy says she likes to use neural nostalgia as a coping skill in her own life. She uses throwback tunes to boost her mood or process difficult emotions.

    “My car and music is my safe space,” she says. “And the music that got you through an especially hard time during that age, is probably always going to hit.”

    Fellow Millennials are feeling seen in the comments:

    “I have been listening to all the millennial jams lately and it has made my life so much lighter!”

    “When ‘it just hits different’ is backed by science”

    “When I was a kid I used to wonder why old people prefer to listen to their ‘old’ music when there’s so many good new music to listen to, now as and adult I fully get it”

    “yessss, i’ve been catching the sunset by the beach every evening in my ‘95 jeep with the top down blaring 90s R&B & 80s rock. i feel so whole. everything is like a nostalgic hug”

    “play your grandparents tunes from their teenage years too. they’ll light up”

    “Still knew every word”

    Some folks were fascinated by the fact that they could remember the lyrics of songs they hadn’t heard in 20 or 30 years.

    “I turned 38 yesterday and listened to the Space Jam soundtrack while I ran errands,” one commenter noticed. “Still knew every word but couldn’t remember my shopping list I wrote 30 mins before.”

    Song lyrics stick in our brains and are notoriously easy to remember. Musical melodies act as a “scaffolding” that helps us fill in the blanks, and the way music triggers emotions makes the words more memorable than other pieces of information.

    Those songs that imprinted on our brains while they were still developing? Their lyrics are so deeply embedded that they may never leave us, which is pretty incredible.

    In fact, this phenomenon may one day be useful for treating Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, and other memory diseases.

    More generally, neural nostalgia has a ton of benefits, according to Marble Wellness. Listening to the songs you loved as a teen can boost your mood, reduce stress, and even lessen feelings of loneliness. Even more powerfully, it can connect you to a sense of your authentic self—to who you were before the world shaped you, and to all the versions of yourself that came before and after.

    It’s heavy and complicated, but you know it when you feel it.

  • Delightful clip from 1955 shows how globes were once painstakingly made by hand
    A look inside a British globe manufacturing shop in 1955.Photo credit: British Pathé/YouTube

    For more than 2,000 years, humankind has known that the Earth is round. That fact was widely demonstrated in 1522, when the Magellan-Elcano expedition sailed around the planet without falling off its nonexistent edge. So for more than 2,000 years, people have made globes to help them navigate the planet and hone their geographic knowledge.

    In the second century AD, a major step in globe-making came when Claudius Ptolemy developed a scientific method for locating places using coordinates known as latitude and longitude. Initially, elites exchanged globes with one another. You might also find one in a classroom. But globes began to be mass-produced in the early 19th century, giving more people a way to understand the world from their own homes.

    Video shows how globes were made in London in 1955

    A charming video by British Pathé, created in 1955, offers an inside look at what it was like to manufacture a globe by hand before machines took over much of the process. British Pathé was a newsreel producer that covered world events from 1896 to 1978, and today its entire archive is available to view for free.

    Globe construction in the 1950s was a painstaking process. It began with covering a solid wooden ball with papier-mâché, which was then coated with plaster. Nine separate layers of plaster were applied to the sphere, bringing it to a thickness of 1/8 inch; the entire molding process took more than six hours.

    Once dried, the globe was sent to the covering room, where the map was pasted on in small portions, “like restoring the skin to a peeled orange,” the narrator said. After the map was added to the globe’s surface, workers painstakingly smoothed out any lumps and removed excess glue. It was then attached to an axis for display. The entire process took around 15 hours.

    globe, display globe, classroom globe, modern globe, map
    A globe. Photo credit: Canva

    In 1955, globes were available in sizes ranging from one inch (£0.60) to six feet (£1,000), which would cost roughly $24 to $35,000 in today’s dollars.

    How are globes made today?

    Replogle Globes, one of the world’s largest globe manufacturers, shared a video offering a behind-the-scenes look at how globes are made today and how modern machines have made the process much faster.

    One big difference from how globes were made in the ’50s is that the maps are printed directly onto chipboard, which is then precisely cut with a hydraulic press and formed into half a sphere. During the pressing process, three-dimensional mountains are embossed into the globe’s surface. After the northern and southern hemispheres are pressed together, they are attached to a central hoop, creating a complete replica of planet Earth.

    Globes have been around for more than 2,000 years, and they remain one of the few educational tools that we still use today. You can put a child in front of a computer and show them a representation of the Earth, which they will probably understand. Still, nothing beats running your fingers across a globe and spinning it in your hands to realize what an incredible planet we live on.

People Skills

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Making Sense of Science

Therapist explains surprisingly scientific reason we never stop loving the songs from our youth

Nostalgia

Delightful clip from 1955 shows how globes were once painstakingly made by hand

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